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1, tooth surface wear

For open gear transmission or closed gear drive containing unclean lubricating oil, some hard abrasive grains enter the friction surface due to the relative sliding between mesh surfaces, so that the profile changes and the backlash increases, so that the gear is too thin to cause tooth breakage. In general, only when the abrasive particles are mixed in the lubricating oil, the abrasive wear of the tooth surface will be caused in the operation.

2, the gluing of the tooth surface

For the high speed and heavy load gear transmission, because of the large friction between teeth, the relative velocity, the meshing temperature is too high, once the bad lubrication, the oil film between the tooth surface will disappear, making direct contact with the metal surface of two teeth, which are bonded to each other. When the two tooth surface to relative movement, hard tooth surface will be part of the material is soft on the tooth surface along the sliding direction and the formation of tore grooves.

3. Fatigue pitting

When contacting two meshing gears, the contact force between the tooth surface and the reaction force causes contact stress on the two working surface. Because the position of the meshing point is changed, and the gear does periodic motion, the contact stress changes according to the pulsating cycle. In such a long time alternating tooth surface contact stress on the tooth surface, the marks will appear small cracks, with the passage of time, the cracks in the surface gradually and the lateral extension of crack to form a ring, so that the tooth surface of small area in the formation of some shallow fatigue spalling.

4, gear broken

The loading gear in the operation of the project, as the cantilever beam, the root by the fatigue limit of the periodic pulse stress exceeds the gear material, will produce cracks in the roots, and gradually expanded, the remaining part is unable to withstand the transmission load occurs when the broken teeth phenomenon. Gear breakage can also be caused by serious impact, partial load and uneven material in the gear.

5, teeth plastic deformation

Under the impact load or heavy load, the tooth surface easily produces the local plastic deformation, thus making the involute tooth profile surface deformation.

Folding Archimedes worm

The worm of Archimedes worm (ZA worm) is perpendicular to the plane of the worm axis (end face). The tooth profile is Archimedes spiral line (Figure Archimedes worm), and the tooth profile (the axial tooth profile) is linear on the plane containing the axis, and the tooth angle is 0=20. It can be used on the lathe straight edge pole (when the lead angle is smaller than 3 DEG when gamma knife (or double) when the gamma >3 degrees) turning. When the tool is installed, the top surface of the cutting edge must be passed through the axis of the worm, as shown in figure Archimedes worm. It is difficult to grind the worm, and it is inconvenient to be processed when the guide angle is large. See animation

Foldable straight profile worm

The tooth profile of the straight profile worm (ZN worm) is extended involute (drawing < straight profile worm >), and the N-N profile is a straight line. The ZN worm is also turning on a lathe with a single knife or double knife with a straight edge. The installation form of the tool is like diagram <; the straight profile worm >; It is also difficult to grind this worm. See animation

Folding involute worm

The involute worm (ZI worm) has a involute tooth profile (Figure < involute worm >), so it is equivalent to an involute helical gear with a small number of teeth (the number of teeth is equal to the number of worm heads) and the large helix angle. The ZI worm can be turned on the lathe with two straight blade blades. The top surface of the blade should be tangent to the base cylinder, one of which is higher than the axis of the worm, and the other is lower than the axis of the worm, as in Figure <; involute worm >; The tooth angle of the cutter should be equal to the spiral angle of the worm's base cylinder. The worm can be grind on a special machine tool. See animation

Folded conical loaf cylindrical worm

The cone loaf worm (ZK worm) is a kind of nonlinear spiral curved worm. It can not be machined on a lathe, only milling on a milling machine and grinding it on a grinder. In processing, in addition to the workpiece as a spiral motion, the tool also revolves around its own axis. At this time, the enveloping surface of the rotary surface of the milling cutter or grinding wheel is the spiral tooth surface of the worm (Fig. < cone, enveloping cylindrical worm >); the tooth profiles on I-I and N-N cross sections are all curvilinear (Figure <; cone enveloping cylindrical worm >). The worm is easy to grind, the worm's precision is high, and the application is more and more widely used.

As for the tooth profile of the worm wheel paired with the various kinds of worm, the tooth profile of the worm is completely different with the tooth profile of the worm. The worm wheel is usually machined on a hobbing machine with a hob or a flying knife. In order to ensure the worm and worm gear can engage correctly, the hob profile of the worm gear should be consistent with the profile of the worm, and the center distance between the worm and the worm should also be the same as the center distance of the worm drive.

Take the gasoline engine's working principle, for every cylinder to provide 1 kilograms of gasoline, it needs about 15 kilograms of air inhaled by the cylinder, so as to ensure the full combustion of gasoline. However, the volume of the 15 kilograms of air will be very large. It is not easy to breathe in such a large volume of air just by the vacuum generated by the cylinder during the intake process of the engine. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the ability of the engine to inhale gas, which is to improve the efficiency of the engine. There are two ways to increase the air intake of the engine, the first one is after the two-stage supercharging technology, in principle, after the two-stage supercharging technology is the use of special gas compressor will be pre compressed before it enters the cylinder, improve the density of gas into the cylinder, reducing gas volume, thus, in the unit volume the quality of the gas, will greatly increase the air intake, fuel combustion can meet the needs, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the power of the engine. The compressor used in the process of turbocharging is also called a supercharger. The second is the front air intake technology, or the use of the vacuum degree of the cylinder, from the intake pipe to add air into the cylinder. No matter which technology is, it is the key to control the intake volume.

The dynamic micro tillage machine is in the power of less than 7.5KW, is a machine with a small diesel or gasoline engine as power, and direct drive axle with axle driven rotary blade to rotary tillage of agricultural facilities, according to the hills, mountains, small plots, elevation, and inorganic tractor road design. It is suitable for sandy soil and economic plants to grow pine soil, middle tillage and weeding. It is suitable for field farming, ditching, ridging, plastic greenhouse, nursery, orchard, vegetable garden management, tea and other planting operations. It has light weight, small volume, simple structure, convenient operation, easy maintenance and low fuel consumption. High efficiency in production

1. Precautions before and in the early use of a micro tillage machine

A and micro cultivator before running, please run in the middle throttle no load for more than 12 hours, release the engine and chassis running in oil (after precipitation can be added to the chassis), clean the oil filter screen, add clean CD grade 40 diesel engine oil and then use it.

B and micro cultivator should not be overloaded at the initial stage of operation. They should be operated for more than 48 hours at medium and small loads, and replace the oil of engine and chassis.

C, after the closing period of the use, the oil is replaced once every 180 hours.

During D and cultivation, pay attention to cleaning the appearance of the machine to keep the heat of the machine.

Two. Attention and mark of fuel when fuel oil is added

A, plus 0 diesel.

B, add to 70% of the tank, and spilt the diesel when no tillage is done.

C, when the fuel is added to the engine, the engine must be flameout first.

D, when the fuel is added, the diesel filter can not be removed.

Three. Notice of adding lubricating oil and labeling of lubricating oil

A, engine and chassis part of the unified addition of CD40 or CC40 diesel engine oil, the chassis part should not be added gear oil.

B, check the oil quantity, the machine should be in the horizontal position.

C, using the dipstick check the amount of oil, do not rotate the dipstick, oil should be in position on the dipstick scale, can not exceed the scale is quite high.

Four. Precautions before the start of the micro tillage machine

A, in an empty position

B, check the engine and chassis oil quantity enough.

C, check whether there is fuel.

D, check whether the bolts of each part are loose.

E, start position, feet away from the tool, the feet do not in front of the tool, and pay attention to the machine can not stand.

Five. Precautions in the operation of micro tillage machine

Can't stand in front of A, farming machine.

B, do not keep things close to the rotary cutters when the machine is tilled.

C, when the machine is tilled with large stones or other obstacles, the clutch should be caught in advance so that the machine can be ploughed around later.

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Six. Points for attention in the process of micro tillage surface transfer

A, when the engine is transferred, the engine must be flameout.

B, the engine must be transferred over the ridge flameout, don't let people in front of the machine to pull the machine over the ridge.

Seven. Attention to the use of reversing

A, must be used in small throttle

B, when the operation is unskilled, do not use the reverse gear.

C, when using the reverse gear, must pay attention to the position of the foot, not too close to the tool, while the hand slightly down the armrest.

D, farming in the paddy field carefully reverse gear.

Eight. Attention to the cleaning of the twine on the cutters of the micro tillage machine

A, the engine must be flameout when cleaning the twine on the cutters of the micro tillage machine.

B, do not use the hand to clean up the twine on the cutters of the micro tillage machine directly, and to clean up the metal objects such as the sickle.

Nine. How to correct the cleaning and maintenance of the air filter, the oil filter, the diesel filter

A, farming season must filter, filter cup class clean air filter, air filter cup must increase the amount of oil, can not add too much.

B, the engine must clean the oil filter when changing the oil.

C, after using 3~6 months, the diesel filter must be cleaned.

Ten. How to select the appropriate cutters for different cultivated land

A, deep ploughing hoe tool: suitable for deep ploughing, open land, but easily entangled grass.

B, * * * * water field wheel: suitable for all kinds of paddy fields, but not more than 45 centimeters.

C, dryland machete: suitable for various dryland tillage, but the soil moisture can not be too heavy.

D, the six roller knife: applicable field in the farming water heavier, more weeds.

Eleven, the maintenance method of the micro tillage machine for a long time unused

A, let off the diesel in the tank.

B, clean up the twine on the machine,

C, the engine, the chassis inside the engine oil, and clean clean, add clean oil.

D, clean the appearance of the machine.

E, pull the piston up to the stop.